In Countries OCSE the quota the GDP destined to the investments in transport infrastructures diminishes inland



In the nations of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Develop (OCSE) the investments in terrestrial infrastructures of transport (roads, navigable railroads and internal ways) considerably are diminished. The International Transport Forum (ITF) of the OCSE has announced that the more recent data indicate that the percentage of this type of investments in connection with the Gross Domestic Product one has recorded an emphasized bending from the peak found in 2009 coming down to 0.8% in 2013, that is the percentage smaller from 1995, year to which go back the first collected statistical data from the ITF. Moreover the total volume of these investments is come down to the levels of 1995.

The ITF has specified that the decrease of the quota investments in infrastructures inland regarding the GDP is partially attributable to the contribution brought from Japan, whose economy is enough large to influence the average general. Before 2007 - it has explained the ITF - Japan it has followed a different trajectory regarding the remainder of the OCSE: the investments quickly have the impact of the total reduction of the expenses of the happened State at the end of years ‘90 and successively the modification of the division of the revenues generated from the tax on gasoline, than previously was destined to the development and to the maintenance of the highway net, it has determined a decrease of the level of the investments in the street field.

The ITF has specified that the more recent data suggest however that lasting of the economic crisis has produced a decrease more consisting of the expenses in infrastructures of transport in many nations OCSE and that this trend to the decrease is temporary invert in 2009 as a result of the deep ones put in field in order to stimulate a resumption of the economies. In the period from 1995 to the 2002 expense in real terms in infrastructures of terrestrial transport in within OCSE it has grown altogether of +16% and successively he has remained almost stable until 2009, but successively it has fallen back to the levels of 1995.

About the course of these expenses in the various world-wide regions, in western Europe the percentage of these investments on the GDP is diminished constantly passing from 1.5% of 1975 to 1.2% in 1980 and 0.9% in 1995, after that it has stabilized. The ITF has specified that the more recent data show that the quota the investments in infrastructures of terrestrial transport on the GDP is diminished beginning from 2009 newly in order to come down to 0.7% in 2013. However sussistono differences between the nations, with that they show a quota investments that is constantly to above of the medium quota, as Switzerland (1.4%), France (1.1%), Norway, Denmark and Finland (0.9%), while in Italy, Ireland and Portugal, that they have invested about 1.0% of the GDP in terrestrial infrastructures before 2008, in the 2013 this percentage it is come down only 0,2%-0,4%. With respect to the volume of this type of investments, in the nations of western Europe it is begun to grow in 2002 and in 2006 it has turned out of 31% to above of the level of 1995, after that it is slowly begun to drop and the last data only show for a 2013 advanced volume of 8% regarding the level of 1995.

In America North the quota these investments on the GDP has remained around 0.6% in the course of period 1995-2013, while the volume of the investments has grown of about 30% from 1995 to 2002 in order recording a next slow decrease until 2013 (even if in the 2009 and 2010 this trend he is temporary invert thanks to the measures of stimulus of the economy).

The International Transport Forum has evidenced that the trends of the investments in street, railway and fluvial infrastructures in the economies developing and transition are different clearly from those of the developed economies. The quota the investments in infrastructures of transport inland in the Countries of Europe oriental and headquarters, than until 2002 had remained around 1.0% of the Gross Domestic Product one, has grown quickly until 2009 reaching 2.0%, while the more recent data show that in the 2013 levels of investment in real terms almost they have been halved regarding 2009 and they turn out pairs only 1.0% of the GDP. This - it has explained the ITF - has had in particular to the decrease of the levels of investment in the Czech Republic and Poland (with quotas that are come down respective give beyond 2.0% to 0.6% and 0.7%). The volume of the infrastructural investments quickly has a strong acceleration in the economies developing and in transition of the nations of central Europe and oriental after 2002 and in the 2009 investments in infrastructures it was, in real terms, of 290% to above of the level of 1995, while during the last few years this increase is time to the sign negative with a volume that in the 2013 almost has been halved.

The ITF has explained that in the Russian Federation the quota investments on the GDP is elevated regarding the European and North American Countries, but moreover volatil for all the period, and that in India from the 2005 volume of the investments in street and railway infrastructures it is doubled while - because of the faster increase of the GDP regarding the investments - the quota the investments on the GDP is come down from 1% in 2006 to 0.8% in 2013.

The analysis on the investments in infrastructures of transport inland of the ITF emphasizes moreover that the quota the investments in railway field in total OCSE is increased by 17% to 26% in period 1995-2013 and that this increase is pushed out mainly by the developments in Japan, North America and Europe where the volume of investments in the railway field has grown more fastly regarding the expense for the roads. In the Countries of western Europe the quota the investments in railway infrastructures is increased constantly gives about 30% in 1995 to 40% in the 2013, trend - it has observed the ITF - that is partially an effect of the political engagement for the development of the railroads and that is confirmed also by the more recent data. Instead the nations of central Europe and oriental they are investing more massively in the roads and in this region the quota the investments in roads in the within of the total expense for infrastructure of transport inland is increased by 66% in 1995 to 84% in 2005, while the data of the last years - it has specified the ITF - suggest to a stabilization and a possible change of tendency since until the 2011 modal division of the investments it has remained next to the levels of 2005 after that the relative quota to the roads slightly is diminished in order to arrive in 2013 to 76% of the total of the investments in infrastructures.