La nuova graduatoria del World Economic Forum sulle dotazioni infrastrutturali delle nazioni mondiali

Un dubbio a questo punto è lecito: è il World Economic Forum a non interpretare correttamente le informazioni sullo stato complessivo delle infrastrutture in Italia fornitegli dal partner institute nazionale oppure è quest'ultimo, ovvero la SDA Bocconi School of Management dell'Università Bocconi, a non presentare al Forum un quadro adeguato delle dotazioni infrastrutturali italiane?

Fatto sta che l'Italia è sempre giù nella graduatoria della qualità delle infrastrutture delle nazioni mondiali elaborata dalla fondazione di Ginevra, sopravanzata da Paesi che appaiono manifestamente meno attrezzati. Nell'ultimo “The Global Competitiveness Report 2012-2013” del World Economic Forum l'Italia è classificata all'82° posto per la qualità complessiva delle sue infrastrutture, in arretramento rispetto alla 79ª posizione in cui compariva nel precedente rapporto 2011-2012, alla 73ª posizione del rapporto 2010-2011, al 72° posto del rapporto 2009-2010 e alla 73ª posizione nella classifica presentata nel rapporto 2008-2009.

Per ciò che attiene alle infrastrutture stradali l'Italia è insediata alla 57ª posizione nel rapporto 2012-2013 mentre nei precedenti rapporti era presente rispettivamente in 59ª, 54ª, 53ª e 55ª posizione. Nella classifica della qualità delle infrastrutture portuali l'Italia è all'89° posto rispetto ai precedenti 81°, 81°, 83° e 95°. Nel settore delle infrastrutture ferroviarie l'Italia figura ora in 40ª posizione mentre in precedenza risultava in 43ª, 39ª, 45ª e 52ª posizione. Per le infrastrutture aeroportuali è in 67ª posizione rispetto alle precedenti 71ª, 84ª, 85ª e 78ª.

È vero che graduatorie come quelle sulle dotazioni infrastrutturali elaborate dal World Economic Forum, che pubblichiamo di seguito, possono essere lette da diverse angolature e possono dare adito a differenti interpretazioni dei valori proposti quali indici della qualità delle infrastrutture. Sovente è proprio così: c'è chi vede il bicchiere mezzo pieno e chi mezzo vuoto. Tuttavia noi di inforMARE continuiamo a ritenere che ad alcuni sia stato versato generosamente da bere lasciando altri a bocca asciutta.

Bruno Bellio

World Economic Forum
The Global Competitiveness Report 2012-2013

Infrastructure

Quality of overall infrastructure

How would you assess general infrastructure (e.g., transport, telephony, and energy) in your country? [1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = extensive and efficient by
international standards] | 2011-12 weighted average
World Economic Forum
The Global Competitiveness Report 2012-2013

Infrastructure

Quality of overall infrastructure
How would you assess general infrastructure (e.g., transport, telephony, and energy) in your country? [1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = extensive and efficient by international standards] | 2011-12 weighted average
international standards] | 2011-12 weighted average

RANK	COUNTRY/ECONOMY	VALUE	RANK	COUNTRY/ECONOMY	VALUE
1	Switzerland	6.6	73	Swaziland	4.2
2	Singapore	6.5	74	Iran, Islamic Rep.	4.2
3	Finland	6.5	75	Liberia	4.2
4	Hong Kong SAR	6.5	76	Jamaica	4.2
5	France	6.4	77	Albania	4.2
6	United Arab Emirates	6.4	78	Kazakhstan	4.1
7	Iceland	6.3	79	Poland	4.0
8	Austria	6.3	80	Kenya	4.0
9	Germany	6.2	81	Uruguay	4.0
10	Netherlands	6.2	82	Italy	3.9
11	Portugal	6.2	83	Guyana	3.9
12	Luxembourg	6.2	84	Zambia	3.9
13	Denmark	6.0	85	Ecuador	3.9
14	Bahrain	6.0	86	Ghana	3.9
15	Canada	6.0	87	India	3.8
16	Japan	5.9	88	Egypt	3.8
17	Belgium	5.9	89	Mali	3.8
18	Spain	5.8	90	Tajikistan	3.7
19	Sweden	5.8	91	Macedonia, FYR	3.7
20	Oman	5.8	92	Indonesia	3.7
21	Barbados	5.8	93	Montenegro	3.7
22	Korea, Rep.	5.8	94	Cape Verde	3.7
23	Saudi Arabia	5.8	95	Costa Rica	3.7
24	United Kingdom	5.6	96	Dominican Republic	3.7
25	United States	5.6	97	Honduras	3.7
26	Qatar	5.5	98	Philippines	3.6
27	Taiwan, China	5.5	99	Côte d'Ivoire	3.6
28	Czech Republic	5.5	100	Ethiopia	3.6
29	Malaysia	5.4	101	Russian Federation	3.5
30	Slovenia	5.4	102	Algeria	3.5
31	Chile	5.4	103	Kyrgyz Republic	3.4
32	Estonia	5.4	104	Lesotho	3.4
33	Cyprus	5.3	105	Pakistan	3.4
34	Turkey	5.3	106	Nicaragua	3.4
35	Malta	5.2	107	Brazil	3.4
36	Australia	5.2	108	Colombia	3.4
37	Ireland	5.2	109	Senegal	3.4
38	Croatia	5.2	110	Uganda	3.4
39	Norway	5.2	111	Peru	3.4
40	Namibia	5.1	112	Argentina	3.4
41	Jordan	5.1	113	Moldova	3.3
42	Lithuania	5.1	114	Gabon	3.3
43	Brunei Darussalam	5.1	115	Bulgaria	3.3
44	Panama	5.1	116	Malawi	3.2
45	Israel	5.0	117	Nigeria	3.2
46	Puerto Rico	5.0	118	Bolivia	3.2
47	New Zealand	4.9	119	Vietnam	3.2
48	Rwanda	4.9	120	Serbia	3.2
49	Thailand	4.9	121	Benin	3.2
50	Sri Lanka	4.8	122	Cameroon	3.2
51	Hungary	4.8	123	Zimbabwe	3.2
52	Morocco	4.8	124	Tanzania	3.1
53	Mauritius	4.7	125	Madagascar	3.0
54	Seychelles	4.7	126	Mozambique	3.0
55	Georgia	4.6	127	Sierra Leone	2.9
56	Ukraine	4.6	128	Libya	2.9
57	Latvia	4.6	129	Nepal	2.9
58	South Africa	4.5	130	Yemen	2.8
59	Azerbaijan	4.5	131	Bangladesh	2.8
60	Kuwait	4.5	132	Romania	2.8
61	Greece	4.5	133	Mauritania	2.8
62	Trinidad and Tobago	4.5	134	Chad	2.8
63	Gambia, The	4.5	135	Venezuela	2.8
64	Botswana	4.4	136	Burkina Faso	2.7
65	Mexico	4.4	137	Mongolia	2.7
66	El Salvador	4.4	138	Timor-Leste	2.7
67	Guatemala	4.4	139	Bosnia and Herzegovina	2.7
68	Suriname	4.3	140	Paraguay	2.6
69	China	4.3	141	Lebanon	2.4
70	Slovak Republic	4.3	142	Burundi	2.3
71	Armenia	4.3	143	Guinea	2.1
72	Cambodia	4.2	144	Haiti	1.9

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey



Quality of roads
How would you assess the roads in your country? [1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = extensive and efficient by international standards] | 2011-12 weighted average

RANK	COUNTRY/ECONOMY	VALUE	RANK	COUNTRY/ECONOMY	VALUE
1	France	6.5	73	Pakistan	3.9
2	United Arab Emirates	6.5	74	Trinidad and Tobago	3.8
3	Singapore	6.5	75	Nicaragua	3.8
4	Portugal	6.4	76	Liberia	3.8
5	Oman	6.4	77	Czech Republic	3.7
6	Switzerland	6.4	78	Slovak Republic	3.7
7	Austria	6.3	79	Guyana	3.7
8	Hong Kong SAR	6.3	80	Armenia	3.7
9	Finland	6.1	81	Uruguay	3.6
10	Germany	6.1	82	Mali	3.6
11	Netherlands	6.0	83	Jamaica	3.6
12	Saudi Arabia	6.0	84	Norway	3.6
13	Spain	5.9	85	Ghana	3.5
14	Japan	5.9	86	India	3.5
15	Luxembourg	5.9	87	Philippines	3.4
16	Canada	5.9	88	Algeria	3.4
17	Korea, Rep.	5.8	89	Malawi	3.4
18	Bahrain	5.8	90	Indonesia	3.4
19	Denmark	5.7	91	Guatemala	3.3
20	United States	5.7	92	Honduras	3.3
21	Taiwan, China	5.7	93	Montenegro	3.2
22	Cyprus	5.6	94	Tanzania	3.2
23	Chile	5.6	95	Zimbabwe	3.2
24	United Kingdom	5.6	96	Zambia	3.2
25	Sweden	5.6	97	Senegal	3.2
26	Belgium	5.5	98	Tajikistan	3.2
27	Malaysia	5.4	99	Latvia	3.2
28	Ireland	5.4	100	Peru	3.1
29	Croatia	5.3	101	Bolivia	3.1
30	Brunei Darussalam	5.2	102	Libya	3.1
31	Iceland	5.2	103	Chad	3.1
32	Lithuania	5.2	104	Benin	3.1
33	Barbados	5.2	105	Malta	3.1
34	Qatar	5.1	106	Argentina	3.0
35	Namibia	5.1	107	Côte d'Ivoire	3.0
36	Australia	5.1	108	Macedonia, FYR	3.0
37	Puerto Rico	5.0	109	Egypt	2.9
38	Slovenia	5.0	110	Uganda	2.9
39	Thailand	5.0	111	Lesotho	2.9
40	Rwanda	5.0	112	Cameroon	2.9
41	New Zealand	4.9	113	Bangladesh	2.8
42	South Africa	4.9	114	Nigeria	2.8
43	Turkey	4.9	115	Lebanon	2.8
44	Kuwait	4.9	116	Sierra Leone	2.8
45	Jordan	4.8	117	Kazakhstan	2.7
46	Israel	4.7	118	Yemen	2.7
47	Swaziland	4.6	119	Mauritania	2.7
48	Sri Lanka	4.6	120	Vietnam	2.7
49	Panama	4.5	121	Burundi	2.7
50	Mexico	4.5	122	Serbia	2.7
51	Gambia, The	4.5	123	Brazil	2.7
52	El Salvador	4.5	124	Poland	2.6
53	Ecuador	4.4	125	Burkina Faso	2.6
54	China	4.4	126	Colombia	2.6
55	Botswana	4.4	127	Nepal	2.6
56	Georgia	4.4	128	Venezuela	2.6
57	Italy	4.3	129	Bulgaria	2.5
58	Mauritius	4.3	130	Madagascar	2.5
59	Albania	4.3	131	Costa Rica	2.5
60	Seychelles	4.3	132	Paraguay	2.5
61	Estonia	4.2	133	Kyrgyz Republic	2.5
62	Dominican Republic	4.2	134	Bosnia and Herzegovina	2.5
63	Suriname	4.1	135	Mozambique	2.4
64	Ethiopia	4.1	136	Russian Federation	2.3
65	Cape Verde	4.1	137	Ukraine	2.3
66	Cambodia	4.0	138	Gabon	2.3
67	Azerbaijan	4.0	139	Timor-Leste	2.2
68	Iran, Islamic Rep.	4.0	140	Guinea	2.0
69	Hungary	4.0	141	Mongolia	2.0
70	Morocco	4.0	142	Romania	1.9
71	Greece	4.0	143	Haiti	1.8
72	Kenya	3.9	144	Moldova	1.5

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey



Quality of railroad infrastructure
How would you assess the railroad system in your country? [1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = extensive and efficient by international standards] | 2011-12 weighted average

RANK	COUNTRY/ECONOMY	VALUE	RANK	COUNTRY/ECONOMY	VALUE
1	Switzerland	6.8	73	Bangladesh	2.5
2	Japan	6.6	74	Bosnia and Herzegovina	2.5
3	Hong Kong SAR	6.4	75	Cameroon	2.5
4	France	6.3	76	Zimbabwe	2.4
5	Singapore	5.7	77	Poland	2.4
6	Finland	5.7	78	Ecuador	2.3
7	Germany	5.7	79	Kyrgyz Republic	2.3
8	Spain	5.7	80	Zambia	2.3
9	Netherlands	5.7	81	Cambodia	2.3
10	Korea, Rep.	5.6	82	Tanzania	2.3
11	Taiwan, China	5.5	83	Romania	2.2
12	Austria	5.3	84	Malawi	2.2
13	Belgium	5.2	85	Nicaragua	2.2
14	Luxembourg	5.2	86	Puerto Rico	2.1
15	Canada	5.0	87	Côte d'Ivoire	2.1
16	United Kingdom	5.0	88	Brunei Darussalam	2.1
17	Malaysia	4.9	89	Mozambique	2.0
18	United States	4.8	90	Algeria	2.0
19	Denmark	4.8	91	Mauritania	2.0
20	Lithuania	4.7	92	Burkina Faso	2.0
21	Sweden	4.7	93	Macedonia, FYR	1.9
22	China	4.6	94	Philippines	1.9
23	Czech Republic	4.6	95	Nigeria	1.9
24	Ukraine	4.5	96	Jordan	1.9
25	Slovak Republic	4.5	97	Peru	1.9
26	Portugal	4.5	98	Madagascar	1.9
27	India	4.4	99	Guyana	1.8
28	Australia	4.3	100	Brazil	1.8
29	Kazakhstan	4.3	101	El Salvador	1.8
30	Russian Federation	4.2	102	Serbia	1.7
31	Ireland	4.1	103	Argentina	1.7
32	Panama	4.0	104	Ghana	1.7
33	Latvia	4.0	105	Senegal	1.7
34	Georgia	4.0	106	Costa Rica	1.7
35	Azerbaijan	3.9	107	Benin	1.6
36	Morocco	3.9	108	Guinea	1.6
37	Sri Lanka	3.8	109	Colombia	1.6
38	Saudi Arabia	3.7	110	Lesotho	1.6
39	Namibia	3.7	111	Uganda	1.4
40	Italy	3.6	112	Ethiopia	1.4
41	New Zealand	3.6	113	Venezuela	1.4
42	Hungary	3.5	114	Sierra Leone	1.3
43	Tajikistan	3.5	115	Uruguay	1.3
44	Estonia	3.5	116	Haiti	1.3
45	Iran, Islamic Rep.	3.4	117	Jamaica	1.3
46	South Africa	3.4	118	Guatemala	1.2
47	Norway	3.3	119	Albania	1.2
48	Swaziland	3.2	120	Honduras	1.1
49	Croatia	3.2	121	Suriname	1.1
50	Israel	3.2	122	Nepal	1.1
51	Indonesia	3.2	123	Paraguay	1.1
52	Egypt	3.1	124	Lebanon	1.0
53	Turkey	3.1	n/a	Bahrain	n/appl.
54	Slovenia	3.1	n/a	Barbados	n/appl.
55	Botswana	3.1	n/a	Burundi	n/appl.
56	Bulgaria	3.0	n/a	Cape Verde	n/appl.
57	Bolivia	3.0	n/a	Chad	n/appl.
58	Montenegro	2.9	n/a	Cyprus	n/appl.
59	Liberia	2.9	n/a	Gambia, The	n/appl.
60	Mexico	2.8	n/a	Iceland	n/appl.
61	Mali	2.7	n/a	Kuwait	n/appl.
62	Dominican Republic	2.7	n/a	Libya	n/appl.
63	Armenia	2.6	n/a	Malta	n/appl.
64	Chile	2.6	n/a	Mauritius	n/appl.
65	Thailand	2.6	n/a	Oman	n/appl.
66	Pakistan	2.6	n/a	Qatar	n/appl.
67	Gabon	2.6	n/a	Rwanda	n/appl.
68	Vietnam	2.6	n/a	Seychelles	n/appl.
69	Greece	2.5	n/a	Timor-Leste	n/appl.
70	Moldova	2.5	n/a	Trinidad and Tobago	n/appl.
71	Mongolia	2.5	n/a	United Arab Emirates	n/appl.
72	Kenya	2.5	n/a	Yemen	n/appl.

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey
NOTE: n/appl. is used for economies where the railroad network totals less than 50 km.



Quality of port infrastructure
How would you assess the port facilities in your country? [1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = well developed and efficient by international standards]. For landlocked countries, the question is as follows: How accessible are port facilities? [1 = extremely inaccessible; 7 = extremely accessible] | 2011-12 weighted average

RANK	COUNTRY/ECONOMY	VALUE	RANK	COUNTRY/ECONOMY	VALUE
1	Netherlands	6.8	73	Kuwait	4.1
2	Singapore	6.8	74	Mali1	4.1
3	Hong Kong SAR	6.5	75	Ukraine	4.0
4	Panama	6.4	76	Ghana	4.0
5	United Arab Emirates	6.4	77	Croatia	4.0
6	Belgium	6.3	78	Azerbaijan1	4.0
7	Finland	6.3	79	Egypt	4.0
8	Iceland	6.2	80	India	4.0
9	Germany	6.0	81	Iran, Islamic Rep.	4.0
10	Bahrain	6.0	82	Slovak Republic1	4.0
11	Sweden	5.9	83	Hungary1	4.0
12	United Kingdom	5.8	84	Guatemala	4.0
13	Denmark	5.8	85	Cape Verde	3.9
14	Spain	5.8	86	El Salvador	3.9
15	Malta	5.7	87	Israel	3.9
16	Canada	5.7	88	Ecuador	3.9
17	Barbados	5.6	89	Italy	3.9
18	Estonia	5.6	90	Uganda1	3.8
19	United States	5.6	91	Kenya	3.8
20	Korea, Rep.	5.5	92	Trinidad and Tobago	3.8
21	Malaysia	5.5	93	Russian Federation	3.7
22	New Zealand	5.5	94	Malawi1	3.7
23	Luxembourg1	5.5	95	Benin	3.7
24	Oman	5.4	96	Albania	3.7
25	Norway	5.4	97	Botswana1	3.7
26	France	5.4	98	Mauritania	3.7
27	Namibia	5.4	99	Cameroon	3.7
28	Saudi Arabia	5.3	100	Bulgaria	3.7
29	Taiwan, China	5.3	101	Argentina	3.6
30	Ireland	5.3	102	Montenegro	3.6
31	Japan	5.2	103	Burkina Faso1	3.6
32	Puerto Rico	5.2	104	Indonesia	3.6
33	Slovenia	5.2	105	Paraguay	13.6
34	Chile	5.2	106	Nigeria	3.6
35	Lithuania	5.2	107	Guinea	3.5
36	Qatar	5.2	108	Poland	3.5
37	Switzerland1	5.2	109	Rwanda1	3.5
38	Australia	5.1	110	Ethiopia1	3.5
39	Jamaica	5.1	111	Peru	3.5
40	Portugal	5.0	112	Libya	3.5
41	Cyprus	5.0	113	Vietnam	3.4
42	Suriname	5.0	114	Lesotho1	3.4
43	Seychelles	5.0	115	Kazakhstan1	3.4
44	Austria1	4.9	116	Mozambique	3.4
45	Sri Lanka	4.9	117	Tanzania	3.3
46	Uruguay	4.9	118	Sierra Leone	3.3
47	Gambia, The	4.8	119	Guyana	3.3
48	Mauritius	4.8	120	Philippines	3.3
49	Morocco	4.8	121	Bangladesh	3.3
50	Latvia	4.8	122	Bolivia1	3.3
51	Dominican Republic	4.7	123	Madagascar	3.2
52	South Africa	4.7	124	Nicaragua	3.2
53	Côte d'Ivoire	4.6	125	Colombia	3.2
54	Czech Republic1	4.6	126	Mongolia1	3.0
55	Honduras	4.6	127	Armenia1	3.0
56	Thailand	4.6	128	Yemen	3.0
57	Brunei Darussalam	4.5	129	Moldova1	3.0
58	Senegal	4.5	130	Chad1	2.8
59	China	4.4	131	Algeria	2.7
60	Pakistan	4.4	132	Timor-Leste	2.7
61	Zimbabwe1	4.4	133	Nepal1	2.7
62	Jordan	4.4	134	Serbia1	2.7
63	Turkey	4.4	135	Brazil	2.6
64	Mexico	4.3	136	Burundi1	2.6
65	Georgia	4.3	137	Romania	2.6
66	Greece	4.2	138	Gabon	2.6
67	Macedonia, FYR1	4.2	139	Venezuela	2.5
68	Swaziland1	4.2	140	Costa Rica	2.4
69	Cambodia	4.2	141	Haiti	1.9
70	Zambia1	4.1	142	Bosnia and Herzegovina	1.7
71	Lebanon	4.1	143	Tajikistan1	1.7
72	Liberia	4.1	144	Kyrgyz Republic1	1.5

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey
1 Landlocked



Quality of air transport infrastructure
How would you assess passenger air transport infrastructure in your country? [1 = extremely underdeveloped; 7 = extensive and efficient by international standards] | 2011-12 weighted average

RANK	COUNTRY/ECONOMY	VALUE	RANK	COUNTRY/ECONOMY	VALUE
1	Singapore	6.8	73	Estonia	4.5
2	Hong Kong SAR	6.7	74	Peru	4.5
3	United Arab Emirates	6.6	75	Cambodia	4.4
4	Netherlands	6.6	76	Montenegro	4.4
5	Switzerland	6.5	77	Senegal	4.4
6	Panama	6.4	78	Pakistan	4.3
7	Germany	6.4	79	Croatia	4.3
8	Barbados	6.3	80	Ecuador	4.3
9	Iceland	6.2	81	Cape Verde	4.3
10	France	6.2	82	Georgia	4.3
11	Finland	6.2	83	Côte d'Ivoire	4.3
12	New Zealand	6.2	84	Rwanda	4.3
13	Norway	6.2	85	Ukraine	4.3
14	Belgium	6.2	86	Lithuania	4.2
15	South Africa	6.1	87	Kuwait	4.2
16	Bahrain	6.0	88	Tajikistan	4.2
17	Spain	6.0	89	Indonesia	4.2
18	Qatar	6.0	90	Nicaragua	4.2
19	Denmark	6.0	91	Hungary	4.2
20	Sweden	6.0	92	Mali	4.2
21	Czech Republic	6.0	93	Guyana	4.1
22	United Kingdom	6.0	94	Vietnam	4.1
23	Canada	5.9	95	Kazakhstan	4.1
24	Malaysia	5.9	96	Botswana	4.1
25	Malta	5.9	97	Ghana	4.1
26	Korea, Rep.	5.9	98	Liberia	4.0
27	Luxembourg	5.8	99	Suriname	4.0
28	Puerto Rico	5.8	100	Nigeria	4.0
29	Australia	5.8	101	Bulgaria	4.0
30	United States	5.8	102	Zambia	3.9
31	Austria	5.8	103	Mozambique	3.9
32	Ireland	5.7	104	Russian Federation	3.8
33	Thailand	5.7	105	Poland	3.8
34	Saudi Arabia	5.7	106	Colombia	3.8
35	Portugal	5.6	107	Uganda	3.8
36	Turkey	5.6	108	Gabon	3.7
37	Jamaica	5.5	109	Cameroon	3.7
38	Jordan	5.5	110	Guinea	3.6
39	Chile	5.5	111	Macedonia, FYR	3.6
40	Oman	5.5	112	Philippines	3.6
41	Dominican Republic	5.4	113	Moldova	3.6
42	El Salvador	5.4	114	Madagascar	3.6
43	Cyprus	5.4	115	Argentina	3.5
44	Taiwan, China	5.4	116	Swaziland	3.5
45	Greece	5.3	117	Tanzania	3.5
46	Japan	5.3	118	Bolivia	3.5
47	Latvia	5.3	119	Yemen	3.5
48	Israel	5.3	120	Bangladesh	3.5
49	Mauritius	5.2	121	Romania	3.4
50	Ethiopia	5.1	122	Zimbabwe	3.4
51	Lebanon	5.1	123	Benin	3.4
52	Morocco	5.1	124	Slovak Republic	3.4
53	Azerbaijan	5.0	125	Algeria	3.3
54	Egypt	5.0	126	Venezuela	3.3
55	Seychelles	5.0	127	Burkina Faso	3.3
56	Trinidad and Tobago	5.0	128	Mongolia	3.3
57	Sri Lanka	5.0	129	Libya	3.3
58	Guatemala	4.9	130	Serbia	3.2
59	Namibia	4.9	131	Nepal	3.2
60	Costa Rica	4.9	132	Iran, Islamic Rep.	3.1
61	Brunei Darussalam	4.9	133	Malawi	3.1
62	Gambia, The	4.9	134	Brazil	3.0
63	Uruguay	4.9	135	Kyrgyz Republic	2.9
64	Mexico	4.8	136	Chad	2.9
65	Kenya	4.8	137	Timor-Leste	2.9
66	Albania	4.8	138	Mauritania	2.8
67	Italy	4.7	139	Burundi	2.8
68	India	4.7	140	Sierra Leone	2.7
69	Armenia	4.7	141	Paraguay	2.5
70	China	4.5	142	Lesotho	2.5
71	Honduras	4.5	143	Bosnia and Herzegovina	2.3
72	Slovenia	4.5	144	Haiti	2.2

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey